2018年天津英语高考笔试真题整理,附参考答案

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201 8 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语 笔试

本试卷分为第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分,共 130 分,考试用时 100 分钟。第 I 卷 1 至 10 页,第 II 卷 11 至 12 页。

答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上,并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时,考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上,答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回

祝各位考生考试顺利!

第 I 卷

注意事项:

1. 每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

2. 本卷共 55 小题,共 95 分。

第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分)

第一节:单项填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)

从 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

例: Stand over there___ ______ __ you’ll be able to see it better.

A. or B. and C. but D. while

答案是 B 。

1. —Wasn’t Joan supposed to be here by now?

—___________ . She will be here in about twenty minutes.

A. All right B. Don’t worry C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself

2. Kate , _________ sister I shared a room with when we were at colleg e , has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom B. that C. whose D. her

3. At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he ___________ as she was so confident about her skills.

A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up

4. Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________ they get sweet e nough to be eaten.

A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that

5. —I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.

—___________ . Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.

A. You bet B. It depends C. Forget it D. No kidding

6. The __________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.

A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation

7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ___________.

A. taking B. tak e n C. being t aken D. take

8. It took him a long time to ___________ the ski l ls he ne e de d to be come a good danc er.

A. display B. acquire C . t ea ch D. test

9. The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the f i rst place in the bicycle r ace .

A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatev er

10. I can’t find my purse. I ___________ it i n the supe r market y e sterday, but I’m not su re.

A. should leave B. must have left

C. might leave D. could ha ve left

11. Bob thought he couldn’t go to the pa r ty because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.

A. at first B. a f ter all C. above all D. at rando m

12. I didn ’ t mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn ’ t help_______ it.

A. to eat; to try B. eating; trying

C. eating; to try D. to eat; trying

13. My washing machine ___________ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.

A. was repaired B. is repaired

C. is being repaired D. has been repaired

14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________ we saw Lily i n the passenger seat.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

15. If we ___________ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.

A. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catc h

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

No one is born a win n er. People make themselves into winners by their own 16 .

I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head 18 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a smal l school with a weak football program.

It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were 23 me. I had to change m y 24 about their ability and potential.

I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 . Most important, I began to treat them like 26 . That summer, Wh en the other teams enjoyed their 27 , we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football.

Six months after suffering our 29 o n th e sp r ing practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 30 . Fi nal l y, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat th e best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 3 2 of my life!

From the experience I lea rn t a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Inste a d of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themse l ves 35 , and they built themselves into winners.

Winners are made, but born.

16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature

17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show

18. A. operating B. editing C. con s ul t ing D. coaching

19. A. successful B. e x cellent C. strong D. new

20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with

21. A. believe B. agr e e C. describe D. regret

22. A. realize B. claim C. pe r mit D. demand

23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about

24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention

25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship

26. A. leaders B. partners C. win n ers D. learners

27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor

28. A. risked B. mi s sed C. considered D. practiced

29. A. def e at B. decline C. accident D. mistake

30. A. relax B. improve C. ex pand D. defend

31. A. shame B. burden C. vi c tory D. favor

32. A. chances B. thri l ls C. conce rn s D. offers

33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect

34. A. e n coura g ed B. observed C. p rotected D. impres s ed

35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. dif f er ent ly

第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2. 5分,满分50分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

Fire Prevention Information

The University of Adelaide employs a ful l -time staff of fi r e p r evention professionals. The y inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence hall s . Whene ver yo u move to a new ar e a, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits near est your room.

Fire Alarms

The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull s ta ti ons and pipes. Most are also e quipped with automatic fire alarm systems consis ting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For you r safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonmen t .

Fire Drills

A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:

· Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.

· Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit ; do not use a lift.

· Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.

Fire Extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. I r responsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.

S moke D etecto rs

A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:

●If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动), contact residence hall staff immediately.

●Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.

●If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.

36. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?

A. To provide part-time jobs for students.

B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.

C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.

D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.

37. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?

A. Pipes and smoke detectors.

B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.

C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.

D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stat i ons .

38. In a fire drill, the students shoul d ___________.

A. rush quickly to a lift

B. gather at the nearest exit

C. shut the door and l e ave at once

D. wait for instructio n s in the hall

39. What do we kn ow about the use of fire extinguishers?

A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.

B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.

C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.

D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.

40. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one sho uld_________.

A. contact the hall staff regularly

B. cover the things that burn easily

C. start the smoke detector in a fire

D. make ce r tain the red light is working

B

When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the M c Nay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian M c Nay. She had requested the community to tu rn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked , "Do you have the address? ""No, but I’ll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "

"Oh, stop. There it is!”

The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.

"May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We’re fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was th e ir problem? I sa w some nice sculptures in one room. Sud d enly I s e nsed a man standing behind me. " W here do you think you are? " he asked . I tu rn ed sharply. "The McNay Art Mus e um ! " He smiled, shaking his head. "Sor ry, the M c Nay is on New Braunfel s Str ee t." "What’s this place?” I asked, still confus e d. " W ell , it ’ s our home." My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, " Sally! Come down immediately! "

" There ’ s some really good stuff(艺术作品) up there. " She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the fro nt door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, lau ghing. S he couldn’t believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.

The real M c Nay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.

Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the M c Nay Museum? "

"Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone. "

"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a mus e um. My feelings about my home changed after that. I’ve always wanted to thank you."

41. What do we know about Marian M c Nay?

A. She was a painter.

B. She was a community leader.

C. She was a museum director.

D. She was a jou rn alist.

42. Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?

A. She disliked people who were nosy.

B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.

C. She knew more about art than the man.

D. She mistook him for a tour guide.

43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?

A. Puzzled. B. Concer n ed. C. Frightened. D. Delighted.

44. Why did the author describe the real M cN ay museum in just a few words?

A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to int erest her.

B. She was too upset to spend much time a t the real museum .

C. The M c Nay was disappointing compared with the house.

D. The event happening in th e house was more significant.

45. What could we learn from the last paragraph?

A. People should have good t aste to enjoy life.

B. People should spend more time with their family.

C. People tend to be bl ind to the beauty around them.

D. People tend t o educate teenagers at a museum.

C

There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.

Food production

With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than fa r m to table.

Sustainability(可持续性)

The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

Nutrition

Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthi er . Hod Lipson , a professor at Columbia University, said, “Fo o d printing could allow co nsumers to print food with customi z ed nutritional content, like vi t amins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s b rea d f r om the supermark e t , you’d eat som e thing bak e d j ust for y ou on demand . ”

Challenges

Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing proce ss is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very comp lex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredi e n t s, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3 D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than home s and high-end restaurants.

46. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?

A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.

B. It saves time and effort in cooking.

C. It improves the cooking conditions.

D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.

47. What can we lea rn about 3 D food printing from Paragraphs 3?

A. It solves food shortages easil y .

B. It quickens the transportation o f food.

C. It ne e ds no space for the storage of food.

D. It uses renewable mat e rials as sources of food.

48. According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food _____________ .

A. is more available to consumers

B. can meet individual nutritional needs

C. is more tasty than food in supermarkets

D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials

49. What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?

A. The printing process is complicated.

B. 3D food printers are too expensive.

C. Food materials have to be dry.

D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing.

5 0 . What could be the best title of the passage?

A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology

B. A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing

C. The Challenges for 3D Food Production

D. 3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table

D

Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.

Most of us observed much m ore a s children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sh arp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的 ) to new stimulation(刺激 ), new ideas. Relea rn ing the art of se e ing the world around us is quite simple, althou g h it t a kes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.

The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.

Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming t hings. I saw bird watchers who spot t ed a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides , and said , a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it o f f. They no long e r paid at t ention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.

The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.

Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.

51. According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more _____________.

A. anxious to do wonders

B. sensitive to others’ feelings

C. likely to develop unpleasant habits

D. eager to explore the world around them

52. What id e a does the author convey in Paragraph 3?

A. To avoid jumping to conclusions.

B. To stop complaining all the time.

C. To follow the teacher’s advice.

D. To admit mistakes honestly.

53. The bird watchers’ behavior s how s that they ____________ .

A. are very patient in their obser v ation

B. are really fascinated by nature

C. care only about th e n ames of birds

D. question the accuracy of the field guides

54. Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?

A. The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.

B. They focus on arriving at the camp in time.

C. The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.

D. They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.

55. In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________ .

A. fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world

B. get rid of some bad habits in our daily life

C. open our mind to new things and ideas

D. try our best to protect nature

绝密 ★ 启用前

201 8 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)

英语 笔试

第 II 卷

注意事项:

1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。

2. 本卷共6小题,共35分。

第三部分:写作

第一节:阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读短文,按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Some people live to climb the highest mountains . Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people encounter mountains in their life.

When I was a little girl, my family mo v ed to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while ex plori n g the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a s e t of stairs. What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be star t ing to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.

I c limbed and climbed . There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My m u m would be worried sick if I didn’t come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.

Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster(怪物). Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing ! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.

Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can’t do" attitudes. We all fall down. We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can’t . " Dream big and climb high!

56. What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more than 5 words)

57. Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain? Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words)

58. How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words)

59. How do you u n derstand the underlined sent e nce in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words)

60. What’s your attitude towards the "mountain" in your life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)

第二节:书面表达(满分25分)

61.

假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津,你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校,他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队,参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。

(1)比赛的时间、地点;

(2)邀请他的原因;

(3)训练计划将发送其邮箱,请他提出建议。

注意:

(1)词数不少于100;

(2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯;

(3)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

参考词汇:

世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition

Dear Chris,

I have good news to tell you. ______________________________________________________________

此处不能答题

I ’ m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

绝密★启用前

2018 年 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)

英语笔试参考答案

第 I 卷

第一、二部分(Key to 1~55)

1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. D

11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B

21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B

31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D

41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A

51. D 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A

第 II 卷

第三部分

第一节

Some possible answers:

56 . Curiosity made her do so.

Or: The desire to explore.

57 . Because it was getting dark, and she didn ’ t want her mother to worry about her.

Or: Because she was scared, and might not be able to find her/the way back home.

58 . She had rich imagination and she was brave.

Or: She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination.

Or: She was imaginative and determined, and she dared to explore.

Or: She was imaginative, adventurous and determined.

59 . We all sometimes fail.

Or: We face failure/defeat/hardships/challenges in life.

Or: There are difficulties/barriers/obstacles in life.

Or: We run into trouble sometimes.

Or: We have trouble in life.

60 . I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life.

Or: I will try to reach/get to the top of the“mountain”because I want to be successful in life

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